Part I. Vocabulary and structure (20 points)

　　Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four

　　choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the

　　corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
 

　　1. The cultural traditions of the invaders slowly ___ the practices of the island dwellers.

　　A. spread B. perpetuated C. permeated D. reinforced
 

　　2. He looked like a ___ of clay that, as in some strange fairy tale, suddenly came to life.

　　A. statue B. status C. statute D. stature
 

　　3. One of the greatest problems for the first immigrants in America was how to deal with the ___

　　population, the Indians.

　　A. heterogeneous B. homogeneous C. indigenous D. integrated
 

　　4. The famous psychologist has drawn up some psychological theories to ___ human behavior.

　　A. consolidate B. elucidate C. intimidate D. emancipate
 

　　5. Do you believe that the kidnappers will release their ___ unharmed once all their demands were

　　met? It seems incredible.

　　A. refugee B. hostage C. hijacker D. collaborator
 

　　6. Emma overcame her feeling of ___ long enough to notice the snake’s beautiful diamond

　　patterning.

　　A. repulsion B. impulsion C. compulsion D. expulsion
 

　　7. In this small village, he found few persons ___ to him and felt quite lonely.

　　A. congenital B. contentious C. concurrent D. congenial
 

　　8. The two opponent parties seemed more bent on ___ each other than on talking about

　　possibilities of constructive cooperation.

　　A. slandering B. consigning C. conspiring D. blundering
 

　　9. Therefore you can happily build word pictures with which to ___ and captivate an audience.

　　A. betray B. deduce C. beguile D. indulge
 

　　10. Pidgin English, though sometimes ignored and ___ as “baby talk”, is a legitimate and useful

　　language.

　　A. regarded B. dismissed C. derided D. abused
 

　　11. ___ spelling or grammatical errors in your resume will unfavorably impress potential

　　employers.

　　A. Illusive B. Elliptical C. Imprudent D. Conspicuous
 

　　12. His habit of wearing purple socks and white sneakers to the office was considered

　　harmlessly___.

　　A. lunatic B. concentric C. eccentric D. insane
 

　　13. Her hurt was ___ by the news that her boyfriend was leaving her to marry one of her best

　　friends.

　　A. exaggerated B. exacerbated C. extravagated D. excavated14. The book was criticized for having too many subjects and no ___ theme.

　　A. precedent B. predominant C. preceded D. predicative
 

　　15. that carried the tradition of 19th-century American Realism to perhaps its highest

　　level of achievement.

　　A. Thomas Eakins B. It was the painter Thomas Eakins

　　C. Thomas Eakins’ paintings D. Why it was Thomas Eakins
 

　　16. From cave paintings and from on bone and reindeer horn, it is known that

　　prehistoric humans were close observers of nature who carefully tracked the seasons and times of

　　the year.

　　A. apparently regular scratches B. scratching apparently regularly

　　C. regular scratches apparently D. scratches regular apparently
 

　　17. Although he suffered from discrimination, Martin Luther King is a man who believed in

　　reconciliation and only rarely a grudge during his Civil Rights movement.

　　A. he carried B. did he carry C. when he carried D. that he carried
 

　　18. Sharon is supposed to be here at nine o’clock; she about our meeting.

　　A. would have forgotten B. should have forgotten

　　C. ought to have forgotten D. must have forgotten
 

　　19. The committee members resented them of the meeting.

　　A. the president that he did not tell B. the president not to inform

　　C. the president’s not informing D. the president that he failed informing
 

　　20. The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is an anonymous,

　　statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.

　　A. nothing more than B. everything except C. anything but D. no less than

　　Part II Cloze (20 points)

　　Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,

　　B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the

　　Answer Sheet.

 

　　The introduction of new varieties of rice and wheat in Asia and Latin America has been

　　(21)______ as the “Green Revolution.” So far the new seeds and the (22)______ technology have

　　not resulted (23)______ increased agricultural production (24)______ or reduced malnutrition.

　　The direct, quantitative effects of introducing high-yielding (25)______ of food grains have been

　　modest. The indirect and quantitative effects, however, have sometimes (26)______ significant.

　　The new technology has led to (27)______ in crop pattern and in methods of production. It has

　　accelerated the development of (28)______ market-orientated, capitalist agriculture. It has

　　encouraged the growth of wage labor, and (29)______ helped to create or augment a (30)______

　　of agricultural laborers. It has increased the power of landowners, and this in (31)______ has been

　　associated with a greater (32)______ of classes and intensified conflict.

 

　　Changes in status and class alignments have been accompanied (33)______ changes in the

　　distribution of income. Profits and rents have increased absolutely and relatively. The share of

　　wages has declined and in some (34)______ real wages rates or the number of days worked, or

　　both, have declined. In (35)______, an old system of agriculture, slowly (36)______swiftly, is in

　　the (37)______ of being destroyed by the advance of contemporary technology.
 

　　The policies that have accompanied the “Green Revolution” in many (38)______ countrieshave aggravated the problems these countries (39)______. Supplies of some commodities have

　　increased, but the rate of growth of total agricultural production has shown little (40)______ to

　　rise. At the same time, inequality has become worse, and poverty has increased absolutely.
 

　　21. A. considered B. thought C. known D. called

　　22. A. accompanied B. accompanying C. consequent D. consequential

　　23. A. from B. by C. of D. in

　　24. A. per cent B. percentage C. per head D. per man

　　25. A. variation B. varieties C. variance D. variable

　　26. A. been B. to be C. being D. be

　　27. A. reforms B. modifications C. changes D. transformation

　　28. A. the B. one C. certain D. a

　　29. A. therein B. thereof C. thereby D. thereon

　　30. A. class B. group C. crowd D. gang

　　31. A. that B. turn C. all D. time

　　32. A. polarization B. polarity C. division D. extremity

　　33. A. from B. in C. with D. by

　　34. A. times B. events C. instances D. fields

　　35. A. short B. word C. trifle D. essence

　　36. A. and B. or C. but D. nor

　　37. A. way B. process C. procedure D. action

　　38. A. underdeveloped B. under developing C. developed D. non-developing

　　39. A. facing B. confronting C. face D. confront

　　40. A. intention B. temptation C. tendency D. attempt

 

　　Part Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension ( 35 points)

　　Section A

　　Directions: There are two passages in this section. Read each passage and then answer the

　　questions given at the end of each passage.(2×10=20 points)

　　Passage one

　　Before, whenever we had wealth, we started discussing poverty. Why not now? Why is the

　　current politics of wealth and poverty seemingly about wealth alone? Eight years ago, when Bill

　　Clinton first ran for president, the Dow Jones average was under 3,500, yearly federal budget

　　deficits were projected at hundreds of billions of dollars forever and beyond, and no one talked

　　about the “permanent boom” or the “new economy.” Yet in that more straitened time, Clinton

　　made much of the importance of “not leaving a single person behind.” It is possible that similar

　　“compassionate” rhetoric might yet play a role in the general election.

　　But it is striking how much less talk there is about the poor than there was eight years ago,

　　when the country was economically uncertain, or in previous eras, when the country felt flush.

　　Even last summer, when Clinton spent several days on a remarkable, Bobby Kennedy-like

　　pilgrimage through impoverished areas from Indian reservations in South Dakota to ghetto

　　neighborhoods in East St. Louis, the administration decided to refer to the effort not as a poverty

　　tour but as a “new markets initiative.”

　　What is happening is partly a logical, policy-driven reaction. Poverty really is lower than ithas been in decades, especially for minority groups. The most attractive solution to it—a growing

　　economy—is being applied. The people who have been totally left out of this boom often have

　　medical, mental or other problems for which no one has an immediate solution. “The economy has

　　sucked in anyone who has any preparation, any ability to cope with modern life,” says Franklin D.

　　Raines, the former director of the Office of Management and Budget who is now head of Fannie

　　Mae. When he and other people who specialize in the issue talk about solutions, they talk

　　analytically and long-term: education, development of work skills, shifts in the labor market,

　　adjustment in welfare reform.

　　But I think there is another force that has made this a rich era with barely visible poor people.

　　It is the unusual social and imaginative separation between prosperous America and those still left

　　out…. It’s simple invisibility, because of increasing geographic, occupation, and social berriers

　　that block one group from the other’s view.
 

　　41. The main idea of the passage is that ______.

　　A. The county is enjoying economic growth

　　B. The poor are benefiting from today’s good economy

　　C. in the past we were more aware of the poor than we are today

　　D. in the past there were many more poor people than there are today
 

　　42. In line 5 of the 1st paragraph, the word “straitened” means “______.”

　　A. wealthy B. difficult C. apathetic D. tensional
 

　　43. From this passage, we can conclude that ______.

　　A. the relationship between the rich and the poor has changed

　　B. the good economy will soon end

　　C. poverty will be removed as a result of increased wealth

　　D. all people benefit from good economic conditions
 

　　44. According to the author, one important reason that we do not talk much about poverty is that

　　______.

　　A. no one knows what to do about it

　　B. poverty really is lower than in the past

　　C. no one has been left out of the current boom

　　D. the president is not concerned about the poor
 

　　45. The main purpose of writing this passage is to .

　　A. entertain B. tell a story C. describe D. persuade



       附：2018年上海自考《基礎(chǔ)英語》測試題二